自锁托槽矫治非拔牙病例排齐整平阶段牙弓变化的相关性研究

Correlation of dental arch width and length during aligning and leveling period by self-ligating appliance in nonextraction cases

目的研究自锁托槽与传统托槽矫治非拔牙病例排齐整平后牙弓变化的差异性,为自锁托槽的临床应用提供依据。方法收集非拔牙病例56例,随机分为2组。28例采用Damon Q标准转矩自锁托槽矫治器矫治,即自锁组;28例采用传统直丝弓矫治技术,即传统组。在治疗前和排齐整平后进行X线头影测量,以牙弓周长(UR和LR)增加量为因变量,以上下颌尖牙间距(WU3和WL3)、上下颌第一前磨牙间距(WU4和WL4)、上下颌第二前磨牙间距(WU5和WL5)、上下颌第一磨牙间距(WU6和WL6)、上下颌牙弓长度(UL和LL)的变化为自变量,进行相关及回归分析。比较两组矫治后牙弓周长增加量与牙弓宽度和长度增加量的关系,以及矫治后牙弓各项测量值变化量。结果自锁组与传统组相关与回归结果显示牙弓周长增加量与牙弓宽度长度增加量有相关性,经回归方程检验均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。自锁组牙弓宽度增加量对牙弓周长影响较大,自锁组与传统组各测量值的变化量t检验结果显示WU3、WU6、UL、UR、WL3、WL4、WL6、UL、LR差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其中自锁组LR改变量为(4.28±0.77)mm,传统组为(3.54±0.63)mm,差异具有统计学意义(t=3.890,P<0.001);自锁组UR改变量为(4.10±0.81)mm,传统组为(3.60±0.85)mm,差异具有统计学意义(t=2.273,P=0.027)。结论 Damon Q标准转矩自锁托槽矫治器在扩大上下颌牙弓宽度及下颌牙弓长度方面略占优势,可在合适的病例中推荐使用。

Objective Compare the changes of dental arch width and length during aligning and leveling period in nonextraction cases using self-locking appliance and traditional appliance, to analyze the characteristics and application of self-locking bracket. Methods The data of dental arch perimeter change amount and dental arch width and length change amount （WU3 and WL3, WU4 and WL4, WU5 and WL5, WU6 and WL6, UL and LL） were statistically ana- lyzed using the correlation and regression and t-test method. Results There were statistically significant relationships be- tween the amount of arch perimeter increase and the amount of width and length increase. It was statistically significant in the regression equation （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The increase of arch width impacted arch perimeter greater in the self-locking group than in traditional group. T-test results showed WU3, WU6, UL, UR, WL3, WL4, WL6, UL, LR were statistically sig- nificant between self-locking group and traditional group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Self-locking appliance is slightly dominant than traditional straight wire appliance in the expansion of dental width and length. It could be widely applied in appropriate cases.