基于新型城镇化视角的区域城镇化水平评价——以陕西省10个省辖市为例

Evaluation of regional urbanization level based on new urbanization: a case of 10 provincial cities in Shaanxi Province

基于对新型城镇化的本质内涵及其特征的考辩,建立由人口、经济、基础设施、生活质量、生态环境、城乡统筹发展诸因素构成的新型城镇化评价指标体系,运用信息熵技术支持下的层次分析法(AHP),以陕西省10个省辖市为例进行实证分析。结果表明:陕西省新型城镇化综合水平区分为5个等级类别:最高(西安)、较高(宝鸡、延安、铜川、榆林)、中等(咸阳)、较低(安康、汉中、渭南)和最低(商洛),区域差异呈现为陕北较高,陕南较低,关中(西安)突出的现象。不同城市新型城镇化评价因素之间、相同城市的各评价因素之间皆存在水平上的差异,发展不均衡。陕西省城镇化过程的主要推动因素是经济发展,而人口集聚及素质提高、生活质量提升与基础设施建设是主要表现,城乡统筹发展、生态环境建设与城镇化综合发展并不同步,需要统筹城乡、兼顾经济与生态环境的协调发展。

As the current urbanization in China is facing many problems and challenges, it is imperative to take the new urbanization development path with Chinese characteristics： intensive and efficient, environmentfriendly, urbanrural integrated, social harmonious. Based on the summingup of the new urbanization theoretical connotations and features, this paper constructed an evaluation index system of the new urbanization, including six aspects： popu lation, economy, infrastructure, quality of life, environment AHP method based on entropy technology the weight of each and urbanrural integrated index was determined, and development level. Using Shaanxi Province taken asan example.of empirical analysis. The evaluation results showed that 10 cities in Shaanxi Province are divided into five grades by the comprehensive level of new urbanization： the highest （Xi＇an）, high （Baoji, Yan＇an, Yulin and Tong chuan）, medium （Xianyang）, low （Ankang, Hanzhong and Weinan ） and lowest （Shangluo）. The new urbanization de velopment level of the cities in northern Shaanxi is higher, lower in southern Shaanxi, and prominent in the center （Xi＇an）. Among the cities of Shaanxi Province, the differences of economic urbanization level are significant. The population and economic urbanization level of Xi＇ an are remarkably higher than that of other cities, but the advan tage in quality of life and the fundamental facility level are relevant lower, the environment and the urbanrural inte grated development level are even lower than that of the Ankang City and Hanzhong City; the quality of life in Baoji, the economic urbanization level and the construction of environment of Yan＇ an, the urbanization of population of Tongchuan, the economic urbanization of Yulin, the construction of environment and the urbanrural integrated de velopment level of Ankang, the urbanrural integrated development level of Hanzhong are evidently higher than the equilibrium of the whole province. The economic urbanization of Tongchuan, Hanzhong and Weinan, the urbaniza tion of population of Yulin and Xianyang, the economic urbanization and the urbanization of population of Ankang, the economic urbanization and the environment level of Shangluo are markedly lower than the equilibrium of the whole province. There are differences in the same evaluation factor of different cities and the different evaluation fac tors of the same city, development unbalanced. Therefore, it is obvious that the economic development is the main propelling factor in the urbanization of Shaanxi province. The development of population, the lifting of the quality of life, and the construction of the fundamental facilities are the main characteristics. Ecological environment construc tion is unbalanced with economic development and urbanization process. It is needed to develop the new urbaniza tion according to local conditions with overall conditions, in order to achieve comprehensive, coordinated and sus tainable development.