敌敌畏对斑马鱼的遗传毒性和生殖毒性作用表现

Genetic toxicity and preconception injuries of dichlorvos to zebrafish

目的考察敌敌畏对斑马鱼遗传和生殖毒性作用表现。方法 斑马鱼成鱼分别暴露于敌敌畏0,0.95,2.85和4.65 mg.L-1溶液中,在持续染毒7和14 d后,测定斑马鱼性腺指数,显微镜下观察雄鱼精子质膜完整性;血细胞微核实验测定微核率。结果 染毒7 d后,与正常对照组相比,敌敌畏4.65 mg.L-1组斑马鱼的雌鱼性腺指数、雄性精子数量和精子质膜完整性百分比显著降低(P<0.01),血细胞微核率显著增高(P<0.01);敌敌畏2.85 mg.L-1组雄性斑马鱼精子质膜完整性百分比也显著下降(P<0.01)。染毒14 d后,与正常对照组相比,敌敌畏0.95,2.85和4.65 mg.L-1组斑马鱼的雌鱼性腺指数,雄鱼精子数量和精子质膜完整性百分比显著减少(P<0.01),敌敌畏4.65和2.85 mg.L-1组血细胞微核率显著增高(P<0.01)。敌敌畏4.65和2.85 mg.L-1染毒14 d组的雌鱼性腺指数、雄鱼精子数量和精子质膜完整性百分比及血细胞微核率显著高于同浓度7 d染毒组(P<0.01)。结论 敌敌畏对斑马鱼的遗传和生殖毒性作用及其表现说明斑马鱼有望成为遗传和生殖毒性评价模型。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the genetic toxicity and preconception injuries of dichlorvos in zebrafish. METHODS Zebrafish were exposed to dichlorvos 0, 0.95, 2.85 and 4.65 mg· L-1 for 7 and 14 d. The gonadosornatic index （GSI） in zebrafish was evaluated, the male zebrafish sperm mem- brane integrity was observed. The blood cell micronucleus rate was determined by micronuclei assay 7 and 14 d after continuous exposure. RESULTS Compared with normal control group, the female GSI, the number of male sperm and rate of sperm membrane integrity significantly decreased in dichlorvos 4.65 mg·L-1 group after 7 d, while the red blood cell micronuclei rate increased, rate of sperm mem- brane integrity significantly decreased in dichlorvos 2.85 mg·L-1 group and no significant difference was oserved in dichlorvos 0.95 mg· L-1 group. Compared with normal control group, the GSI, the number of male sperm and rate of sperm membrane integrity significantly decreased in dichlovos 0.95, 2.85 and 4.65 mg·L-1 groups, the blood cell micronucleus rate significantly increased in dichlorvos 4.65 and 2.85 mg·L-1 groups after 14 d exposure. At the same concentration, the female GSI, the number of male sperm, rate of sperm membrane integrity and blood cell micronucleus rate at 14 d showed a signifi- cant difference in dichlorvos 4.65 and 2.85 mg·L-1 groups compared with 7 d. CONCLUSION Dichlor vos causes genetic toxicity and preconception injuries to zebrafishes, suggesting that zebrafish can be a new model for genetic toxicity and preconception injury testing.