针刺十二经脉腧穴对广泛性焦虑症患者脑电波的影响

Impacts of acupuncture at twelve meridians acupoints on brain waves of patients with general anxiety disorder

目的:观察针刺十二经脉腧穴治疗广泛性焦虑症临床疗效,并探讨其作用机制。方法:将80例患者随机分为针刺组和氯硝西泮组,每组40例。针刺组予十二经脉针刺法,即快速针刺每条经脉特定穴位,如肺经列缺、大肠经合谷、心经神门等,得气后视病情虚实施以补泻手法,不留针;氯硝西泮组予氯硝西泮口服,疗程均为6周。于治疗前和治疗2、4、6周后对两组患者汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)进行评分,并观察两组患者治疗前后脑电波基本电活动的变化情况。结果:两组治疗后HAMA分值较治疗前明显下降(均P<0.01),针刺组在治疗2、4、6周后HAMA总分改善明显优于氯硝西泮组(均P<0.05)。两组治疗后脑电波活动均明显改善,表现为α波频率降低、α波节律增强、θ波减少(均P<0.05),两组间比较,疗效相当(均P>0.05)。结论:针刺十二经脉腧穴治疗广泛性焦虑症疗效优于氯硝西泮,且起效速度快,其机制与改善患者脑电波有关。

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture at twelve meridians acupoints on general anxiety disorder and explore its mechanism. Methods Eighty patients were randomized into an acupuncture group and a clonazepam group, 40 cases in each one. In the acupuncture group, acupuncture at twelve meridians acupoints was applied, meaning quick needling at the specific acupoints of each meridian, such as Lieque （LU 7） of the I.ung Meridian, Hegu （LI 4） of the Large Intestine Meridian and Shenmen （HT 7） of the Heart Meridian. After arrival of qi, the reinforcing or reducing technique was applied accordingly and the needles were not retained. In the clonazepam group, clonazepam was prescribed for oral administration. The course of treatment was 6 weeks. Before treatment and in 2, 4 and 6 weeks of treatment, respectively, Hamilton Anxiety Scale （HAMA） was evaluated in two groups and the changes in the basic electrical activity of brain waves before and after treatment were observed. Results HAMA score was reduced apparently after treatment as compared with that before treatment in two groups （all P〈0.01）. The improvements of the total HAMA scores in 2, 4 and 6 weeks of treatment in the acupuncture group were superior obviously to those in the clonazepam group （all P〈0.05）. After treatment, the activity of brain waves was improved remarkably, manifested as reducing of wave a frequency, increasing of wave a rhythm and reducing of wave 0 （all P〈0.05）. The efficacy was similar in comparison between the two groups （all P〉0.05）. Conclusion Acupuncture at the twelve meridians acupoints achieves the superior and quick effect on general anxiety disorder as compared with clonazepam and the efficacy mechanism is related to the improvements of brain waves in the patients.