弱视儿童的注意品质

The quality of attention of amblyopic children

目的评估弱视儿童的注意品质,探讨弱视与注意的关系。方法对30例(50眼)弱视儿童(试验组)和30例(60眼)年龄和性别匹配的正常儿童(对照组)进行注意广度、注意稳定性、注意分配和注意转移的测试。结果试验组儿童的注意分配能力为0.92±0.09,注意广度为5个点,对照组儿童的注意分配能力为0.87±0.12,注意广度为6个点,2组儿童注意分配能力差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);除9个点外,其余点数上试验组儿童正确率低于对照组儿童,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。而试验组儿童的注意转移速度为(0.38±0.16)s-1,划消效率为0.11±0.04,对照组儿童的注意转移速度为(0.64±0.30)s-1,划消效率为0.18±0.06,试验组儿童注意转移速度和划消效率均显著落后于对照组儿童(均为P<0.005)。不同弱视程度的儿童在注意广度上存在着明显的差异(P<0.05)。结论弱视儿童虽然具备了同龄正常儿童的注意分配能力和注意广度,但注意转移能力和注意稳定性都明显低下,并且弱视程度对注意广度有一定影响,说明弱视儿童的注意品质尤其是注意的转移和稳定性能力存在一定缺陷。

Objective To evaluate the quality of attention of amblyopic children, and discuss the relationship between amblyopia and attention. Methods The attention span, attention stability, distribution of attention and attention shifts of thirty amblyopic children（50 eyes,experimental group） and thirty age-matched and sex-matched normal children（60 eyes, normal group） were detected. Results Distribution capacity of attention and attention span of children in experimental group were respectively 0.92±0.09 and five points,and normal group 0.87±0. 12 and six points. There was no significant difference between amblyopic children and normal children （ P 〉 0.05 ）. The right rate in experimental group was lower than that of normal group in all points except 9 and there was no significant difference （P 〉 0.05 ）. The attention shifts speed and the cancellation efficiency in experimental group were respectively （0.38 ± 0. 16）s^-1 and 0.11 ± 0.04, and normal group （ 0.64 ± 0.30 ） s^-1 and 0. 18 ± 0.06. Attention shifts speed and cancellation efficiency of amblyopic children were obviously less than those of normal children（ both P 〈 0. 005 ）. There was obvious difference in attention span of children with amblyopia in different degree （P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The distribution of attention and the attention span of amblyopic children are the same with those of normal children, but the attention shifts capacity and attention stability decrease obviously. The degree of amblyopia of children has an effect on the attention span, which shows that the amblyopic children＇ s attention quality, especially attention shifts and stability capacity, has some defects.