视网膜再生的细胞来源与Müller细胞去分化机制

Cellular source of retina regeneration and the de-differentiation mechanism of Müller cell

视网膜的损害会导致人类严重的视觉障碍。一些非哺乳类脊椎动物的视网膜具有自发旺盛的再生能力,研究显示,该修复过程在不同种属动物中涉及多种来源的再生种子细胞。Müller细胞作为视网膜内主要的支持细胞,在多种动物的研究中均发现它能去分化转变为视网膜神经祖细胞参与损伤修复。近几年来,Müller细胞去分化过程的分子机制与相关信号途径研究取得了新的进展。本文就视网膜再生的细胞来源与Müller细胞去分化机制作一综述。

The injury of retina caused by various diseases can lead to serious visual disturbance of human beings. The retinal regeneration in some classes of non-mammalian vertebrates occurs spontaneously. Studies have shown that a variety of regenerative celhilar sources exist in different animal species in this process. As the major supporting cell in the retina, it has been demonstrated from different animals that the Miiller cell are capable of de-differentiating into retinal neuronal progenitors in response to injury. Recently, new progress about the mechanisms and cellular signaling pathways underlying MttUer cell de-differentiation has been made. This article reviews the cellular sources and the mechanisms of Mtiller cell de-differentiation of retinal regeneration.