生长素的外输载体PIN蛋白家族研究进展

Research Advances in Auxin Efflux Carrier PIN Proteins

生长素作为第一个被发现的植物激素,在植物许多发育过程中扮演着重要角色,如顶端优势、花序和叶序的发育、胚的发育、主根的发育、侧根和不定根的发生、向性生长以及维管组织的分化等,这些过程都依赖于生长素浓度梯度的建立。生长素的浓度梯度是由生长素的合成和极性运输共同建立的。生长素极性运输依赖于内输载体AUX/LAX家族、外输载体PIN蛋白家族和ABCB/PGP蛋白家族。该文将主要综述PIN蛋白家族的研究进展,介绍PIN蛋白的定位和功能研究、转录和转录后调控研究以及其胞内循环运输过程等方面的研究进展。

Auxin as the first found phytohormone plays critical roles in a variety of physiological and developmental processes of plants, such as apical dominance, inflorescence and phyllotaxis development, embryo- genesis, root development, lateral root and adventitious root initiation, tropism and vascular differentiation. These processes depend on the establishment of the auxin concentration gradients coordinated by auxin biosynthesis and directional transport. The polar auxin transport is mediated by auxin influx carriers from the AUX/LAX protein family, and by auxin efflux proteins from the PIN family and the ABCB/PGP family. This review focuses on theprogress made on the study of PIN proteins, includes PIN proteins＇ subcellular localization and function, the regula- tion of PIN oroteins＇ expression, as well as PIN oroteins＇ intracellular trafficking.