基于线粒体DNA控制区基因讨论雉鸡阿拉善亚种分类地位(英文)

THE VALIDITY OF PHASIANUS COLCHICUS SOHOKHOTENSIS BASED ON MITOCHONDRIAL DNA CONTROL REGION GENE

雉鸡阿拉善亚种的分类地位存在争议。采用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)和直接测序方法讨论雉鸡阿拉善亚种是否确立。共测定了雉鸡12个种群132个样本的线粒体DNA(mtDNA)控制区(control-region)1078个碱基长度的基因序列,61个变异位点产生68个单倍型。系统发育树和单倍型网络图结果显示,雉鸡阿拉善亚种是单系枝。雉鸡阿拉善亚种与甘肃亚种的分歧时间(0.15～0.23百万年)发生在晚更新世,中国西部干旱化、腾格里沙漠的形成以及贺兰山的存在导致分歧形成。结合系统发生树、单倍型网络图、Fst值(P<0.001)以及基因流(M_sohokhotensis to strauchi=0.006,M_strauchi to sohokhotensis=0.014),雉鸡阿拉善亚种在其分布区内独立进化。

The status of Phasianus colchicus sohokhotensis is controversial based on the morphological characters. Sequences of mtDNA control region of 132 pheasants were collected from 12 localities. Sixty one polymorphic sites defined 68 haplotypes. Seven haplotypes of P. c. sohokhotensis were grouped in one clade with the support values of 92% （ML） and 0.84 （BI）, and were distinguished from P. c. strauchi by seven mutational steps. Phylogenetic tree and haplotype network indicated that the subspecies status of P. c. sohokhotensis was well supported. The divergence of P. c. sohokhotensis and P. c. strauchi （0.15-0.23 Mya） occurred in the late Pleistocene, which may be resulted from the formation of the Sohokhoto Desert and the existence of the Helan Mountain. AMOVA analysis showed that significant genetic differentiation （Fst = 0.365, P〈0.001） between MQ and other 11 populations. Both migration rate parameters （Msohokhotensis to strauchi = 0.006, Mstrauchi to sohokhotensis = 0.014） revealed little evidence for gene flow. We predict that the currently recognized subspecies P. c. sohokhotensis evolved independently in Sohokhoto Oasis.