508例药品不良反应回顾性分析

Retrospective analysis of 508 ADR reports in our hospital

目的:了解我院药品不良反应发生的特点、规律及其相关因素,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:选用回顾性研究方法,收集医院2009年5月–2012年8月上报的508例ADR报告资料,分别按照患者性别、年龄、引发ADR的药品种类及其临床表现等进行描述性统计分析。结果:我院上报的508例ADR病例中,男性和女性的比例是1︰0.84;70岁以上老年患者的ADR发生率(23.23%)较高;在给药途径方面,静脉给药(71.85%)占较大比例;ADR临床表现以皮肤及其附件损害最为常见,占32.76%;抗感染药物的ADR发生率(41.73%)最高。结论:应合理使用药物,尤其是抗感染药物,同时加强ADR监测,确保安全用药。

Objective： To investigate the characteristics, rules and the related factors of adverse drug reactions （ADRs） occurred in our hospital, in order to provide reference for rational drug use in clinic. Methods： A total of 508 ADR reports collected from May 2009 to Aug. 2012 were analyzed retrospectively in respect of the gender and age of patients, drug categories and clinical manifestation of ADRs, etc. Results： The ratio of male and female among 508 ADR cases was 1 ： 0.84, the proportion of ADRs occurred in the patients over 70 years old was high （23.23%）. The intravenous administration accounted for 71.85% of all the ADRs in respect of administration routes. The most common clinical manifestations of ADRs were the lesions on the skin and its accessories, accounting for 32.76%. Among all the drugs, the proportion of ADRs induced by anti-infective drugs was the highest （41.73%）. Conclusion： Drugs should be used rationally, especially anti-infective drugs, and ADR monitoring should be strengthened for safe drug use.