舰船艉轴架系统固有振动特性测试与分析方法

The Experiment and Analytical Method of the Inherent Characteristics of Ship Shaft Bracket Systems

艉轴架系统是由艉轴、前(后)艉轴架臂以及螺旋桨等共同组成的复杂构件系统,其固有振动特性的有效测试、合理分析和振型识别对于开展舰船艉轴架设计、建造以及控制舰体尾部振动等具有重要意义。为此,针对艉轴架系统的构成特征以及组成构件的固有振动特性,分别建立理论分析模型,通过分析,认为艉轴架系统固有特性属于复杂构件系统的振动问题,其固有特性取决于艉轴及前(后)艉轴架臂的共同特性,两者间存在较大关联性,实际模态的识别应根据工程需要加以确定。基于以上分析,给出艉轴架系统固有特性测试要求和振型识别原则,并以某型舰的艉轴架系统为例开展固有振动特性试验测试和模态识别,取得了良好的效果。

The shaft bracket system is a complex component system composed of a stern shaft, a front （rear） shaft bracket arm and a propeller. The effective testing, reasonable analysis and modal identifica- tion of its natural vibration characteristics are crucial to the overall ship shaft bracket design as well as the construction and control of ship tern vibration. This paper first investigates the constitution features of the stern shaft frame system and the natural vibration characteristics of its band components by establishing a theoretical analysis model. It is observed that the inherent characteristics of the shaft bracket system close- ly associates with the stern shaft and the front （rear） shaft bracket arm, while the actual modal identifica- tion should be determined according to the project requirement. Finally, the specific requirements and mode recognition principles of the inherent characteristics test of shaft bracket systems are provided, with a certain type of ship shaft bracket system taken as an example. The experiment yielded good results, which provides a future reference for the ship design and construction.