青年急性心肌梗死患者危险因素分析及干预对策

Analysis of risk factors and health education in young patients with acute myocardial infarction

目的:探讨青年急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者的危险因素,为早期防治提供依据。方法:回顾性总结2007年8月～2011年8月388例住院的AMI患者,根据年龄分为两组,年龄≤40岁为青年组57例,年龄>60岁为老年组331例。对两组性别,吸烟史,高血压,糖尿病、高血脂,超重,冠心病家族史进行对比分析。结果:青年男性占绝对优势(P<0.01);吸烟、冠心病家族史显著高于老年组(P<0.01);超重高于老年组(P<0.05);高血压、糖尿病显著低于老年组(P<0.01);高血脂两组未见明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:青年AMI危险因素与老年人不同,防治重心不一样。青年人应广泛开展健康教育,积极改善生活方式。

Objective ： To investigate the risk factors of acute myocardial infarction （AMI） in young patients and provide the evidence for the early preven- tion and therapy. Methods： Reviewed the clinical data of 388 AMI patients from Aug. 2007 to Aug. 2011, which the patients divided into the young group （age ≤40） and the older group （age 〉 60）, compared and analyzed the two groups at the aspect of sex, hypertension, smoking history, diabetes, hyperli- paemia, overweight, coronary heart disease. Results ： The risk factors of young male patients were predominant in all of the patients in this study （ P 〈 0. 01 ）, the young patients with smoking history and the coronary heart disease were higher than the older group（P 〈0.01 ）, the overweight in young group were higher than that of the older group （ P 〈 0.05 ）, the young group with hypertension, diabetes were lower than the older group （ P 〈 0.01 ）. There was no significant different in the hyperlipemia between the two groups （ P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion ： The risk factors in young patients with AMI were different from the old patients, the focus of early prevention and therapy is not as same as the old patients. Health education should be carried on in the youth, and new diet and lifestyle should be advocated.