论劳动教养在中国的法律归宿——以社会危害性与人身危险性为基础的法律分析

Discussing the Suitable Destination for Education through Labor in Chinese Legal System:Based on Legal Analysis of Its Social Hazard and Personal Dangerousness

社会危害性与人身危险性是对行为人予以处置的法律基础,社会危害性属于行为的范畴,而人身危险性属于行为人的范畴。社会危害性是行为人承担刑事责任的决定因素,而人身危险性是影响法官裁决结果的一个或然因素,与社会危害性相比,其只对量刑发生次要作用。劳动教养以行为人的人身危险性作为对其长时间剥夺人身自由的原因,其法理依据薄弱,法律地位不明。将劳动教养化解到我国现行法律制度中,以非刑罚处罚和保安处分措施予以代替,符合法律发展的逻辑。

The social hazard and personal dangerousness are the legal base on which an actor is judged.Social hazard belongs to the category of behavior,but personal dangerousness belongs to the category of actor.The social hazard is the determining factor for man to undertake the legal responsibility,but the personal dangerousness is a probable factor to affect the result of the trial.Comparing with the social hazard,the personal dangerousness only plays a secondary role to the discretion of punishment.The education through labor deprives a man＇s personal freedom for a long time in case of personal dangerousness.Its legal theory is not well grounded,and its legal status is unclear.Education through labor shall be assimilated into the current law system of China,which conforms to the logical development of law,namely,replacing the education through labor by depenalization punishment and security measures.