整合“普及范式”和“创新范式”两大传统——兼谈我们所理解的科学传播

Integrating Paradigm of Popularization and Paradigm of Innovation:A Discussion on the Science Communication

面向知识经济和国家创新系统的"创新范式"已经成为科技传播研究的新兴传统,它与面向科学文化和公民科学素质的"普及范式"共同构成当今国内科学传播的两大传统。在一阶和二阶科学传播的基础上,以公民参与科学为核心的三阶科学传播日渐重要,并成为实现"四科两能力"的有效路径。根据科学传播研究的最新趋势,可将其扩展为传统科学普及、公众理解科学、公众反思科学、公众参与科学、公共科学服务五个阶段,其共同构成科学传播结构化系统,实现了提升公民科学素质和完善国家创新系统的有机统一,并为社会科学文化形成和政府职能转变提供了科学传播领域的理论支撑。

＂Innovation paradigm＂ has become the new convention of science communication, with a focus on knowledge economy and national innovation systems. ＂ Popularization paradigm＂ stresses on scientific culture and human scientific quality. At present, both paradigms make up the two ideas of the domestic study of science communication. Based on the first and second level of science communication theory, the third-level theory of science communication has become important, which focuses on public participate in science research, and the effective way to realize ＂four sciences and two abilities＂ . According to the latest research trends of science communication, the three stages can be expanded into five stages： ＂traditional science popularization＂, ＂public understanding of science＂, ＂public thinking of science＂, ＂public participation in science＂, ＂public science service＂. These five stages together form the structured system of ＂science communication＂, which can not only promote science quality of citizens but also complete our national innovation systems. Besides that, the five-stageprovides certain theory support for the forming of social sciences and culture, and for the changing of government functions in the field of science communication.