项目研发集成风险管理框架研究——基于我国大型客机研发项目的分析

Research on the Aviation Research and Development Integrated Risk Management Frame——Based on the Large Civil Aircraft Research and Development Project

研制大型客机是国家战略性新兴产业中高端装备制造业的重要组成部分,研发项目具有高成本、高风险、研发周期长等特点。本文基于NASA集成风险管理思想提出项目研发集成风险管理框架,将项目人员、项目流程、项目约束需求和条件通过项目全寿命周期进行集成,并结合我国承担大型客机研发项目的航空企业现状,提出其实施方法,以期为降低项目风险、提高项目风险管理水平、顺利实现研发目标提供理论参考依据。在项目研发集成风险管理框架中,项目人员须明晰风险管理的过程和自身应负的责任,构建风险信息网络传递体系,通过集成形成完整的体系;持续风险管理包括识别、分析、计划、跟踪、控制与其他过程,五个循环的关键环节均有风险信息的输入和输出,通过融合贯穿于项目全寿命周期始终;将成本、时间进度、绩效与安全性进行集成,均衡各约束条件,而不是将其分裂,目的在于提高风险管理的效用和效率。

The large civil aircraft Research and Development project is the important part of high-end equipment manufacturing in National strategic emerging industries.The research project has the character of high-cost,high-risk,long developmentcycles.Based on the method of Integrated Risk Management in NASA and the status of aviation enterprise which undertake the large civil aircraft Research and Development project,this paper propos the frame of Aviation Research and Development Integrated Risk Management（ARD-IRM）and implementation methods,project person,project process and project require/constrain are integrated in project lifecycle,which in order to provide the theoretical basis to reduce project risk,improve the level of project risk management and reflect the RD objectives.About the integrated Risk Management Frame,project person should make clear the risk management process and their responsibility,build risk information delivery network system and form a complete system through integrating,continuous risk management Include five cycle and key links which are identify,plan,track,control,each links have information input and output and integration through the entire project life cycle.The cost,Schedule,Performance,Safety are also integrated,aim to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of risk management based on equalizer constraints.