SMA机敏结构交替驱动恒流源及其振动控制

Alternative Driven SMA Smart Structure Based on Constant Current Source for Vibration Control

研究了形状记忆合金(shape memory alloy,简称SMA)机敏结构的振动主动控制,为克服SMA的热滞效应,提高SMA的动态响应速度,提出一种交替驱动SMA驱动组元的控制方案,设计与开发一种多路宽量程SMA交替驱动恒流源。在简要介绍研究背景与设计思路的基础上,以控制器PIC18F4620单片机和高电压大功率功率放大器OPA549为核心,详细阐述恒流源系统构成与核心部件、系统软硬件设计思路、功能指标和开发过程。通过构建实验模型结构和实验平台,进行了基于交替驱动SMA机敏柔性结构振动主动控制实验。实验结果表明,该驱动恒流源具有稳定恒流控制效果,结合SMA机敏结构交替驱动方案实现结构振动主动控制效果良好,并适用于其他需要多路大电流恒流源的科研场合。

Active control of the smart structure of shape memory alloy(SMA) is presented.In order to overcome the thermal hysteresis and enhance the dynamic response of the SMA material,a vibration control strategy of alternatively driving the SMA groups is proposed and achieved based on a self-developed wide-range constant current source,where PIC18F4620 and high-voltage power amplifier OPA549 are used.The system architecture of the constant current source and the design of hardware/software partition,as well as the modeling methods of the SMA smart structure are introduced.Besides,a simulation of SMA vibration control under the proposed strategy is illustrated.Experiment results show that the developed constant current source stabilizes the current effectively,and the SMA driven strategy for vibration control is proved practicable.It is hoped the proposed strategy and the system are informative for other multichannel vibration control application with large currents demands.