轻型载货汽车减振技术分析及优化设计

Vibration Reduction Technology Analysis and Optimal Design on Light Truck

对某轻型载货汽车产生的低频振动现象进行了试验分析及优化设计研究。在对轻型载货汽车振动测试分析的基础上,利用有限元仿真和拓扑优化技术对样车进行了固有频率分析和优化设计。通过对样车的振动测试及有限元分析,找到了轻型载货汽车产生低频振动的主要原因:车辆系统的1阶固有频率与车轮动不平衡引起的激励频率接近,导致了车辆系统的共振。分析及试验结果表明,通过优化车架的结构和匹配驾驶室橡胶垫块的刚度能够提高车辆系统的1阶固有频率,明显改善轻型载货汽车产生的低频异常振动现象,提高了车辆的乘坐舒适性。

The low frequency abnormal vibration in light truck system is investigated with experiment and optimization design.On the basis of the vibration testing for light truck,vehicle natural frequencies analytical and optimization design are carried out by using finite element simulation and topology optimization technology.According to the finite element analytical and vibration testing for the vehicle,the low frequency abnormal vibration fact of light truck is discovered.It is found that the dynamic wheel imbalance results in the excitation frequency which is close to the first-order natural frequency of vehicle system,and then the whole vehicle system is resonated.The result shows that the first-order natural frequency of vehicle system is improved by the way of optimizing the frame structure and matching the cab rubber pad stiffness,and the low frequency abnormal vibration of light truck caused by resonance is finally removed.