中亚国家的微型金融组织及其法律规制

On Microfinance Organizations And Its Legal Regulation in Central Asian Countries

20世纪80、90年代在不少发展中国家出现的微型金融组织从90年代中期起也扩散到了中亚国家,除了土库曼斯坦以外的中亚国家都有了类别多样、形式各异的微小金融组织。在微小金融组织便利了更多的人享受金融服务资源的同时也为立法带来了新的课题。本文在对中亚国家微型金融组织的种类、组织形式、地位和准入门槛等几个方面进行阐述的基础上,对中亚国家的微小金融组织立法情况也进行了分析,认为中亚国家大致形成了以基本法为根据、以专门法为基础、有关部门规章为补充和其他法律为辅的较为完善的微小金融组织法律体系。

Microfinance organizations emerging in many developing countries in the 1980s and 1990s spread to the Central Asian countries from the mid - 1990s of the 20th century. Except for Turkmenistan, other Central Asian countries have small financial organizations with diverse categories and different forms. While these organizations facilitate more people to enjoy the resources of financial services, they also brought new issues concerning legislation. This paper, based on the analysis of categories, forms, status and entry threshold of mierofinanee organizations of the Central Asian countries and their legistlative situations, holds that the Central Asian countries have roughly formed a comparatively perfect legal system of microfinance organizations, based on bas- ic laws and special laws, aided by relevant departments＇ regulations and other laws.