番木瓜株性转变与叶片内源激素平衡关系

Endogenous Hormonal Balance in Papaya Leaf during Sex Conversion of Hermaphrodite Papaya(Carica papaya L.)

为探明番木瓜两性株株性转变与温度、叶片内源激素含量水平及激素平衡之间的内在关系。以台农1号、大白、穗中红3个番木瓜品种两性株的叶片为材料,利用酶联免疫ELISA法,测定不同高温条件下(30～42℃)叶片的四种内源激素(IAA、GA3、ZR和ABA)含量。结果表明:3个番木瓜品种在株性稳定时(30～32℃)时,IAA、GA3含量及(IAA+ZR)/ABA、GA3/ABA比值保持较低水平,而ZR和ABA含量保持较高的水平。株性转变时(35～40℃)时,4种内源激素含量水平均较高,同时(IAA+ZR)/ABA、GA3/ABA和(IAA+ZR)/GA3比值也较大。方差分析结果表明,品种和温度对四种激素含量均有显著影响。主成分统计分析结果表明,对番木瓜两性株趋雄发育起主要作用的是IAA和ZR的含量,两者含量对两性株的趋雌发育起抑制作用。而对两性株趋雄发育起主要作用的是GA3。ABA对两性株的趋雄发育和趋雌发育均起到抑制作用。综合表明,ZR含量和(IAA+ZR)/GA3平衡的调节是影响番木瓜两性株株性转变的关键因素。

This article was aimed to explain the relationship between the temperature, the level of endogenous hormone content, hormone bal-ance and sex conversion of hermaphrodite papaya. Using immunoenzyme assay, we studied the levels of endogenous hormones （IAA, GA3 , ZR＆ ABA）in three varieties of hermaphrodite papaya （TAI NONG NO. 1, DABAI ＆ SHU1 ZHONG HONG ） under 30-42℃ tempera-ture. The results showed that the level of IAA,GA3 and the ratio of （IAA ＋ZR）/ABA,GA3/ABA were low. Yet the level of ZR ＆ ABA were high at the temperature of 30 - 32 ℃. When the temperature increased up to 35 - 40 ℃, the eortent of four hormones and the ratio of （IAA ＋ ZR）/ABA ,GA3/ABA ＆ （IAA ＋ ZR ）/GA3 kept high level. Significant analysis of variance showed that species and temperature had a significant effect on four hormone levels. Principal component statistical analysis showed that, IAA and ZR played a major role in the de-velopment trend of male flowers of hermaphrodite papaya. However they were disincentive of the development trend of female flowers. GA3 was the major determinants in the development of female flowers of hermaphrodite papaya. ABA played an inhibitory effect of male or female development trend of hermaphrodite papaya. The test results suggested that the critical factors to affect sex conversion of hermaphrodite papa- ya were the level of ZR and the ratio of （IAA ＋ ZR）/GA3.