汉语取舍范畴界说

Definition of the Category of Option in Chinese

取舍范畴属于一种语义—语法范畴,有其深层语义结构,也有其相应的表达形式。取舍范畴的语义结构包括取舍行为(意愿)的实施者,即"取舍主体",包括被取舍的两个选项(p,q),还包括取舍主体在实施取舍时所采取的取舍方式。取舍范畴的语义结构投射句法表层后会形成相应的表达形式。此外,作为取舍范畴的表达形式,取舍句式可分为有标取舍句式和无标取舍句式两大类。其中,有标取舍句式又分为典型和非典型两类。典型有标取舍句式如"与其"句式和"宁可"句式等,非典型有标取舍句式如副词"非得"、"死活"、"偏偏"、"只好"等标记的取舍句式等。

As a ＂semantic-syntax＂ category, the category of option includes the semantic structure and the form of expression in Chinese. The semantic structure includes the ＂option-agent＂, the two elements of option （ p, q）, and the ways of option. In addition, the semantic structure possesses the form of expression in syntax. As the forms of expression in the category of option, the patterns of option can be divided into two categories of the marked and the unmarked . The marked can be divided into the typical and the atypical. The typical patterns of option in- clude the sentence patterns marked by ＂yuqi （与其）＂ and the sentence The atypical patterns of option include the sentence patterns marked by patterns marked by ＂ningke（宁可） ＂ etc. ＂feidei （非得） ＂, ＂sihuo （死活 ） pi-anpian （偏偏 ） ＂, ＂zhihao （只好）＂ and so on.