特高压干式平波电抗器的抗震性能试验研究

Experimental investigation on aseismic behavior of ultra-high voltage dry type smoothing reactor

特高压直流输变电线路的电抗器在尺度和静动力特性与中高压输变电线路电抗器有很大的不同,其抗震性能对于保证电网安全至关重要。针对特高压输变电线路的电抗器抗震性能进行了振动台动力模型试验研究,根据弹性力-重力相似律推导出各物理量之间的相似关系和相似比尺设计了试验模型。通过不同的地震激励研究了电抗器的动力特性测试及其抗震能力,得到了电抗器关键部位在地震作用下的加速度、位移和应变反应及抗震薄弱部位。试验结果表明:加速度响应在各层均有不同程度的放大,支柱绝缘子的根部和顶部是电抗器的抗震薄弱部位。竖向地震动对电抗器的动位移、加速度影响很小,对动应变影响很大,因此在电抗器抗震设计中需要考虑竖向地震的影响。

Aseismic problem of the ultra-high voltage （UHV） DC transmission projects is one of the most serious problems for the transmission system. A great difference lies in the dimension, static and dynamic characteristics between UHV reactor and middle high voltage one, so the aseismic performance is most important to the safety of electric network. In order to study the seismic behavior of UHV reactor, a shake table test on a big scale model was carried out. According to similarity relationship between physical parameters deduced by elasticity-gravity similarity law, an experimental model of UHV reactor was designed. After comparing the seismic behavior of UHV reactor under different earthquake excitations, the dynamic responses of system, such as accelerations, displacements and strains at key positions, and vulnerable parts were acquired. Results show that the ac- celeration responses at different layers are enlarged in some extent. The bottom and top of post insulator are the seismic vulner- able parts of the equipment due to its complex stress state. Vertical seismic excitations have less influence on the acceleration and displacement responses, but great influence on the dynamic strains. So vertical earthquake should be considered in the seis- mic design of UHV reactor.