磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶/蛋白激酶B/骨形态发生蛋白-15通路与哺乳动物卵巢卵泡发育

Effects of Phosphatidylinositol-3 Kinase/Protein Kinase B/Bone Morphogenetic Protein-15 Pathway on the Follicular Development in the Mammalian Ovary

哺乳动物卵巢卵泡是由卵母细胞与其周围的颗粒细胞和卵泡膜细胞共同组成的,其生长发育过程是一个高度协调的程序化过程,确保了正常卵母细胞成熟并使其具有受精能力。卵母细胞和颗粒细胞之间的旁分泌和自分泌功能在卵巢卵泡发育过程中具有重要作用,可以为卵泡的发育提供适宜的微环境。磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶/骨形态发生蛋白-15信号通路是其中一个重要的调控通路。骨形态发生蛋白-15是卵巢卵母细胞特异性分泌的信号分子,可以通过旁分泌作用调节卵巢卵泡的发育过程。本文主要概述磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶/蛋白激酶B信号通路在卵巢卵泡发育过程中的作用及骨形态发生蛋白-15作为蛋白激酶B/叉头转录因子家族-3a下游信号分子对这一过程的调控,有助于进一步理解卵巢卵泡发育的分子调控以及治疗不孕不育等卵巢疾病。

In mammals, ovarian follicle is made of an oocyte with its surrounding granulosa cells and theca ceils. Follicular growth and development is a highly coordinated programmable process, which guaranteesthe normal oocyte maturation and makes it having the fertilizing capacity. The paracrine and autocrine between o- ocytes and granulosa cells are essential for the follicular development to provide a suitable microenvironment. Phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/protein kinase B is one of these important regulatory signaling pathways during this developmental process, and bone morphogenetic protein-15 an oocyte-specific secreted signal molecule, which regulates the follicular development by paracrine in the mammalian ovary. The present article overviewed the role of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase / protein kinase B signaling during the follicular development based on our previ- ous investigation about protein kinase B/forkhead transcription factor forkhead family of transcription factors -3a, and then focused on the regulatory effects of bone morphogenetic protein-15, as a downstream signal molecule of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/forkhead family of transcription factors-3a pathway, on ovarian follicular develop- ment, which helped to further understand the molecular mechanism regulating the follicular development and to treat ovarian diseases like infertility.