应用超声骨刀法拔除下颌阻生智齿效果观察

Clinical value of ultrasonic osteotomy in pulling out impacted wisdom tooth in the lower mandible

目的探讨超声骨刀法在下颌阻生智齿拔除术中的临床应用价值和安全性。方法将80例可以拔除下颌阻生智齿的患者按照随机数字表法分观察组和对照组各40例,观察组采用超声骨刀法,对照组采用传统锤凿劈冠法,比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后24 h疼痛程度、术后48 h肿胀程度及张口受限程度。结果观察组患者手术时间、术中出血量及术后24 h疼痛程度均低于对照组,术后48 h肿胀程度、张口受限程度明显轻于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组均未出现下牙槽神经损伤、下颌骨骨折及其他严重手术并发症。结论应用超声骨刀法拔除下颌阻生智齿手术创伤小,并发症轻、安全可靠,有利于患者术后康复,对阻生智齿的拔除具有明显优势。

Objective To investigate the application value and safety of ultrasonic osteotomy in pulling out impacted wisdom tooth in the lower mandible. Methods Eighty patients meeting the criteria were randomly divided into observation group and control group,40 patients in each group. The observation group was treated with ultrasonic osteotomy and the control group treated with a tradi- tional chisel. The operative time,intraoperative hemorrhage volume, pain degree in 24 h after operation, and swelling degree and the de- gree of limitation of mouth opening in 48 h after operation were compared between the two groups. Results The operative time, intraop- erative hemorrhage volume and pain degree in 24 h after operation of the observation group were all better than those of the control group, and the differences were of statistical significances （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The swelling degree in 48 h after operation of the observation group was significantly milder than that of the control group, and the difference was of statistical significance （P 〈 0. 05 ）. The degree of limitation of mouth opening in 48 h after operation of the observation group was significantly milder than that of the control group, and the difference was of statistical significance （P 〈 0. 05 ）. No interior alveolar nerve injury, fracture of mandible or other severe operative complications were observed in all patients. Conclusions The ultrasonic osteotomy for pull out the impacted wisdom tooth in the lower mandible only causes small operation wound and mild complications. The technique is safe and reliable, and benefits postoperative re- habilitation of the patients. Therefore, it has obvious advantages in pulling out impacted wisdom teeth.