维吾尔族MODY家系膳食及营养状况分析

An analysis of diet and nutrition status of Uyghur families with maturity onset diabetes of young

为了解维吾尔族青少年发病的成人型糖尿病（MODY）家系的膳食及营养状况，本研究收集到4个新疆喀什、鄯善、伊犁地区维吾尔族四代健在的MODY家系成员共50名，采用半定量食物频率问卷调查方法，对18～49岁的MODY家系成员进行膳食调查，并采用营养计算器软件，按不同性别、不同劳动强度对营养素摄入量进行计算，将其结果与营养素推荐摄入量比较。维吾尔族MODY家系的日常食物来源以谷类为主，占总摄入量的54.11％，其次为畜禽肉类，占总摄入量的13.87％，水果类和鱼虾类分别只占总摄入量的0.41％和0.26％。碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪分别占总能量的55.0％、16.7％和28.4％，在中华医学会糖尿病学分会和美国糖尿病学会建议的糖尿病患者营养素摄入量范围之内，其与营养素推荐摄入量比较，不同性别、不同劳动强度的维吾尔族MODY家系成员的能量及三大营养素摄入量均显著高于营养素推荐摄入量。维吾尔族特有的饮食结构导致维吾尔族MODY家系成员热量摄入过多，应该加强利用维吾尔语言和文字进行健康教育，以提高其科学膳食的知识水平。

To study the status of diet and nutrition in Uyghur families with maturity onset diabetes of young（MODY）. Four MODY families were composed of four generations of Uyghur with 50 members collected from Kashgar, Shanshan, and Ili regions of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. A dietary survey with a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was conducted. According to the sex and different intensities of physical activity, the nutrient intake was calculated by nutrition calculator software, and the results were compared with recommended nutrients intake（RNI）. Cereals, livestock, and poultry meat, being the main food stuff in Uyghur MODY families, accounted for 54.11% and 13.87% of total energy respectively, while fruit, fish, and shrimps were seldom taken, and accounted for 0.41% and 0.26% of total energy respectively. Carbohydrate, protein, and fat accounted for 55.0%, 16.7%, and 28.4% of total energy intake respectively, within the scope of the RNI for diabetes suggested by both Chinese Diabetes Society and the American Diabetes Association. The total energy and all three major nutrients were excessively taken by subjects of different genders and different intensities physical activity from Uyghur MODY families in Xinjiang. Uyghur diets lead to excessive calorie intake in the Uyghur MODY family members. The Health education of Uyghur language and text should be strengthened, so as to improve the scientific dietary knowledge.