废用性骨质疏松及其治疗

Disuse osteoporosis and its treament

废用性骨质疏松有其特殊性,系因骨骼缺乏应力刺激而导致的骨量丢失,基本发病原因包括:①因严重内科疾病而长期卧床;②因中枢神经受损而瘫痪;③因运动系统损伤而长时间制动;④长期处于失重状态。废用性骨质疏松的发生与骨生物力学调控系统密切相关,诊断需结合骨密度、影像学及相应的骨转换指标作综合判断。废用性骨质疏松的防治应结合不同的病因区别对待,宗旨是变不能动为能动、鼓励自主运动、适时被动运动、合理使用抗骨质疏松药物、加强辅助物理治疗以及重视护理与宣传教育。

Disuse osteoporosis has its own particularity because the bone lacks stress stimulation resulting in the bone loss. The basic etiologies include： 1） Long time of bedrest because of serious medical disease; 2） Paralysis caused by central nervous system injury; 3） Long time of immobilization for the recovery of the hurt motion system; 4） Long time for the condition of weightlessness. The occurrence of the osteoporosis has a close relationship with the bone biomechanical regulation. The diagnosis made should be combined with the comprehensive judgment of changing of bone mineral density, imaging and corresponding index of bone tumover. Prevention and treatment of disuse osteoporosis should be dealt with differently considering the different etiologies. The treatment principle is to change non-movement into movement, encourage the active movement and timely passive movement, use anti-osteoporosis medicine rationally, reinforce physical therapy, and pay attention to nursinz care and health education.