海南黎族药用植物资源调查研究——以万宁市黎族为例

A Case Study on Folk Medicinal Plant Resources Used by Li Minority in Wanning City , Hainan

运用关键人物访谈法和参与式观察法,对海南万宁市黎族传统药用植物资源和相关传统知识进行民族植物学研究。结果表明,万宁市黎族草医传统使用的药用植物资源共有202种,隶属于80科171属。草本植物最多(81种,40.1%),其次为灌木(53种,26.2%)、乔木(36种,17.8%)和藤本(32种,15.8%)。内服疗法的使用频次最高(185次,59.7%),其次是冷敷疗法(72次,23.2%)、蒸熏疗法(29次,9.4%)。叶或枝叶的使用频次最高(143次,46.3%),其次是根或根茎(73次,23.6%)、全草或全株(56次,18.1%)。用于治疗感冒疾病、跌打损伤、风湿关节痛等当地较为常见疾病药用植物种类较多,分别为43种(21.3%)、38种(18.8%)和36种(17.8%)。

Key informant interviews and participatory observation were adopted during the investigation on folk medicinal plant re- sources used by Li Minority in Wanning city, Hainan. 12 well-known herbalists from 10 different villages were selected as key in- formants. In total, 202 species in 80 families and 171 genera were reported as having medicinal uses. The highest number of species （81） representing 40.1% of total species were herbs, followed by shnds （26.2%）, trees （17.8%） and liana plants （15.8%）. The most often utilized mode of remedy administration is oral ingestion （59.7%）, followed by external use （23.2%） and medicinal baths （9.4%）. Leaves and branches were the most frequently used parts of plant （46.3%）, accounting for 143 indica- tions, followed by roots and rhizome （23.6%）, whole plant （18.1%）. Plant species that most frequently reported were used for flu diseases （21.3%）, injuries from falls, fractures, contusions and strains （18.8%） and rheumatoid arthritis （17.8%）.