高温产生物表面活性剂菌种的筛选及性能评价

Screening and Evaluation of a Thermophilic Biosurfactant-Producing Bacteria

从胜利油田油井产出液及含油污水等样品中分离出16株能利用原油的菌株.通过原油平板涂布和液体发酵培养,筛选出1株能在高温(60℃)、高压(10 MPa)下以原油为唯一碳源生长且能有效产出生物表面活性剂的菌株CH2.原油作用实验结果表明其对胜利油田东辛原油降粘率可达48.5%,原油含蜡量降低12.6%,原油凝固点降低3.0℃;红外光谱分析显示该菌株产生的生物表面活性剂为糖脂类,经分子生物学初步鉴定菌株CH2为蜡样芽胞杆菌(Bacillus cereus).物理模拟驱油实验显示聚合物驱油后,注入CH2菌液60℃培养21 d时可提高原油采收率8.6%.

16 strains were separated from output fluid and the oil /water samples in Shengli oil field, which could grow by means of hydrocarbons. Then the strain CH2 was acquired via oil plate method and fermentation in triangular flask. The research at high temperature（60 ℃） and high pressure （10 MPa） reveals that the strain CH2 can produce surfactant effectively utilizing oil as only carbon source. The experimental results show that the viscosity reducing rate of the strain to Dongxin crude oil can reach to 48.5%, its wax content can reduce to 12.6% and it can make the solidifying point decrease 3.0 ℃. Infrared spectra analysis shows that the surfactant produced from the strain belongs to glycolipid. The molecular biology identifications demonstrate preliminarily the strain CH2 as Bacillus cereus.The simulation experimental results of the strain CH2 in the polymer flooding core of 60 ℃show that the recovery factor can be increased by 8.6% after the strain is trained 21 days.