中国生态批评建构的历史自觉

Historical Honsciousness Regarding the Construction of Chinese Ecocriticism

随着人类进入工业和信息时代,生态危机日趋严重。人们将目光转向地球,重新审视人与自然的关系。生态批评应时而起,成为当今研究的热门。中国的生态批评研究虽然相对滞后,但在西方正式提出"生态批评"这一系统化、理论化概念之前。中国在古代哲学、古代文论和生态作品构建等方面早就自觉地运用了生态批评的理论或方法,其中蕴含了丰富的生态学观点和深刻生态批评思想,这是一种历史自觉,也就是说中国在生态批评的理论和实践方面大大领先于提出"生态批评"这个概念的西方。由于深受天人合一观念影响,再加上中国工业发展滞后和近现代国难当头的原因,中国并未在在生态批评领域形成系统化的观点和体系,而且中国现当代的生态文学作品也存在着题材单一和模仿西方的问题,这也需要引起我们足够的注意。

As mankind enters the age of information and industry, the ecological crisis is worsening. People turned to the earth, and to re-examine the relationship between man and nature. The Eco-criticism is born as the times require, and becomes a hot research today and a kind of cultural criticism. Although the Eco-criticism re- search is lagging behind, but in the West, before the concept of the ＂eco-criticism＂ is officially it becomes systematic and theoretical, China has earlier applied the ecological theory or method proposed, and of criticism to the construction of Ancient Philosophy, Ancient Literary and Ecology, of which contains an abundant of ecologi- cal point of view and profound ecological critical thinking. This is a kind of historical consciousness. That is to say, China is significantly ahead of the theory and practice of ecological criticism upon the ＂ecological Western criticism ＂concept. because of the concept of the unity of human and nature, China~ industrial development lag- ging and modern national crisis, China has not put forward the systematic and theoretical point of view and the system in the field of eco-criticism, even the ecological literary works of the modern and contemporary also have the suspicion of the simplicity and imitation, which also need to attract enough attention.