美国竞技游泳体制的主要特点及启示

Main System Features of Competitive Swimming in the USA

采用文献资料法、逻辑分析法等研究方法,对美国竞技游泳体制各要素进行分析,发现其在管理体制方面表现出管理机构的独立实体性、管理部门的高度职能化等特点;在训练体制方面具有训练层次清晰、链接性强和训练资源顶尖、科学化程度高等特点;在竞赛体制方面具有赛程频度高、种类多样化以及赛事针对性强、市场化运作好等特点。借鉴美国成功经验,结合我国竞技游泳发展现实,提出了完善我国竞技游泳体制的建议。

Using the methods of adoption of literature and logical analysis, it Analysis the various elements of system of competitive swimming in the USA and finds that in the aspect of management system that the management organization is independent of the substantive and highly functional management departments; In the aspect of training system it has clear level, strong links, top training resources and high degree scientific ; In the aspect of competition system it has high schedule frequency, species diversity and pertinence for sporting events, good market operation. According to the successful experience in United States and the actual needs of Chinese competitive swimming development, this paper gives several recommendations to perfect Chinese competitive swimming system.