基于MATLAB的光伏电池最大功率点跟踪研究

Maximum Power Point Tracking Research for Photovoltaic Cells Based on MATLAB

针对扰动观察法跟踪光伏电池最大功率点时,存在跟踪速度较慢和功率振荡等问题,通过比较分析几种常用算法,提出一种改进的扰动观察最大功率点跟踪算法.算法中步长的改变与扰动方向改变是同时进行的,根据ΔP×ΔV的值判断扰动方向,避免了当ΔV=0除法会溢出的问题,同时ΔP×ΔV的计算量比ΔP/ΔV的计算量小,因此计算速度更快.结合光伏电池工程应用中的参数,进行最大功率点跟踪仿真分析,从仿真效果可以看出改进后的算法能较快的跟踪最大功率点,并减少了在最大功率点的振荡.验证了该方法的正确性和有效性.

It puts forward a tracking algorithm which improved perturbation and observation method of maximum power point through comparing and analyzing of several commonly used algorithms, aiming at the problem of the tracking speed slow and power fluctuation when using perturbation and observation method to track the maximum power point for Photovohaic Cells . The step size and disturbance direction are changing at the same time. According to the value of AP x AV judges the disturbance direction to avoid the problem of the divide overflows when AV=0. Meanwhile the calculative amount of AP x AV is much smaller than that of AP/AV, so that the ealculative speed becomes much faster. Combining the parameters of photovohaic cells in the engineering application to track maximum power point simulation analysis, it can be seen from the simulation results that the improved algorithm can quickly track the maximum power point and reduce the oscillations on the maximum power point. Finally the consequence verifies the correctness and validity of the method.