试析政治对南宋词嬗变之影响

An Analysis on Effect of Politics on Change of Ci in the Nansong Dynasty

词至南宋,发生诸多嬗变而异于北宋,政治因素是其重要原因,涉及词之题材风格、功能、言情方式、情景关系、词体观念发展诸方面。题材方面,不同词人身经乱离之后,或浅吟低唱,抒悲苦之情;或大声疾呼,以期挽救时局。功能方面,不论言志还是叙写个人行藏,均与政治相关。言情方式方面,比兴寄托之大量使用,情景关系方面之因情叙景,以及出于言志需要而产生词体观念之发展,皆与政治影响有直接或间接之关系。

In the Nansong Dynasty, Ci was different from it in Beisong Dynasty, its change involved many aspects, for example, politics. Politics plays an important role in research on Ci in theme, function, lyricism, the relation of the feeling and scenery and the development of the concept about Ci. In the aspect of the subject of Ci in the Nansong Dynasty, the different writers suffered social upheaval, some expressed their sadness by the means of writing Ci, some cried out hoping to save the situation. In the aspect of function, the writers of Ci either expressed their aspiration or recorded their experiences by writing Ci all related to the politics. In the aspect of lyricism, they expressed emotion by describing scenery; in the relation to the feeling and scenery, as well as expressing aspiration generating the development of the concept about Ci, all have direct or indirect relation to the influence of politics.