中日韩建立共同自由贸易区需要勇气和智慧

Building China-Japan-Korea Free Trade Area Needs Courage and Wisdom

依照中方统计数据,日韩对中国大陆的贸易总额长期是逆差,这种贸易失衡状态说明日韩的经济发展严重依赖于中国,中国经济带动了日韩经济发展。但是三国之间的自由贸易区却长期没有建立起来,与这种紧密的经贸合作状态极不协调。目前,三国政府已经正式启动了建立自由贸易区谈判的进程。但是建立自由贸易区遇到的问题仍然不少,突出的问题有:岛屿领土争端,民族主义抬头,贸易保护主义存在。岛屿领土争端是历史遗留下来的问题,应当在克制态度下和平解决。中日韩三国都有爱国主义传统,但是狂热的非理性的民族主义从根本上看阻挡不了经济全球化和区域一体化趋势,各国政府不能屈从于民族主义。消除贸易保护主义是建立中日韩自由贸易区的主要任务,中方需要接受日韩成熟市场准入标准,而日韩需要放弃许多非市场限制性准入标准。通过自由贸易区的建立降低关税和提供交易便利,让市场竞争在中日韩区域经济中发挥更加有效的作用,最终受益的是三国的消费者。中日韩共同自由贸易区的建立也就为东亚经济共同体的建立创造了前提。

China, Japan and Korea have formed close and interdependent relationships on the basis of trades and economic co-operations over last two decades, during which each of the three countries experienced homogeneous and heterogeneous changes. The homogeneous transformations in each country promote the tripartite trades and economic co-operations, whereas the heterogeneous ones put pressure on the economic associations. According to China＇s statistics, Japan and Korea both have been undergone trade deficits with China, showing that the economics performances of the other two countries highly depend on the Chinese market and its development. Furthermore, China is the leading force to boost Japan and Korea＇s economies. However, the China-Japan-Korea free trade area （CJK-FTA） has not been established, not in line with the tripartite highly related economies. Currently, the negotiation of the establishment of FTA has been started by three state governments. A number of problems have been encountered and the most outstanding ones are disputes concerning island territory, nationalism, and protectionism. The island dispute is a historical issue and should be tackled peacefully rather than aggravated. Each country of China, Japan and Korea has the tradition of patriotism, but the crazy nationalists cannot stop the process of globalization or regional economic integration. Therefore governments should never surrender to nationalism. The key to promoting CJK-FTA is to eliminating protectionism. From China＇s perspective, she should accept the other two countries＇ mature standards of market access, while Japan and Korea need to abandon non-market standards of market access. Reducing tariffs and facilitating trades among China, Japan, and Korea by establishing FTA could make competition more efficiently in the market of eastern region, which benefit their consumers eventually. Hence, the establishment of CJK-FTA provides the prerequisite for the possible East Asia Economic Community （EAEC）.