蚯蚓粪对鹅掌楸容器苗生长及养分吸收的影响

Effects of Vermicompost on Growth and Nutrient Uptake of Liriodendron Chinensis Container Seedlings

在容器育苗基质中添加体积比为5%～20%的蚯蚓粪,通过无纺布容器育苗试验,研究了不同育苗基质对鹅掌楸根际环境中的微生物数量、根系建造和活力、养分吸收及育苗效果的影响。结果表明,育苗基质中添加蚯蚓粪可不同程度地提高鹅掌楸根际环境中细菌数量和微生物总量,真菌数量有所降低,但对放线菌数量影响差异不显著。蚯蚓粪有利于鹅掌楸根系的生长,尤其是增加了毛细根的重量和在根系体系中的比例,根系活力也有显著提高。此外,育苗基质中加入蚯蚓粪还提高了鹅掌楸根、茎和叶干物质的积累量,虽然对植物体内氮和磷的含量影响较小,但蚯蚓粪的添加显著提高了植物体内钾的含量。同普通育苗基质相比,加入15%体积比例的蚯蚓粪使氮、磷和钾的养分吸收量分别提高了22.23%,15.58%和26.66%。综合分析认为,育苗基质中加入一定比例的蚯蚓粪可显著改善鹅掌楸的根际环境,促进育苗植物对养分的吸收和利用,提高无纺布容器育苗效果。在试验蚯蚓粪添加比例中,育苗基质中添加体积比例为15%的蚯蚓粪效果最为显著。

Varying amounts of vermicomposts（5%-20%） were mixed with normal container nursery medium. The effects of vermicompost were studied on microbial populations in rhizosphere, root construction and activity, as well as the growth and nutrient uptake of Liriodendron chinensis, using non-wave container nursery technique. The results showed that the addition of vermicompost in nursery medium increased the bacteria population and the total microorganism amount in rhizosphere of Liriodendron chinensis, while decreased the fungus population significantly. However, vermicompost had no significant effect on actinomycetes amount. Vermicompost showed beneficial effects on growth and construction of the roots of Liriodendron chinensis, especially the weight and ratio of fine roots. Additionally, more root activities were observed with vermicompost addition. The addition of vermicompost in container nursery medium greatly increased the dry matter accumulation of root, stem, and leaf of Liriodendron chinensis. However, no significant influence was found on the nitrogen and phosphorous contents, except for potassium content. Compared with normal container nursery medium, addition of 15% vermicompost increased the nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium uptake by 22. 23%, 15.58% and 26.66%, respectively. In summary, suitable ratio of vermicompost addition in nursery medium benefited the ecological environment, nursery effect, as well as the nutrients uptake and utilization of Liriodendron chinensis. Addition of 15% achieved the best benefits among all the treatments.