氮硅互作对水稻营养和产量的影响

Effects of Nitrogen and Silicon Interaction on the Nutrition and Yield of Rice

为氮硅合理配施提供充分的理论依据,通过小区试验研究了氮硅互作对水稻营养与产量的影响。结果表明,施硅可明显增加穗实粒数与千粒重,而施氮可明显增加有效穗数,氮硅配施可以提高水稻产量。增施硅肥可明显提高土壤有效硅含量,而施氮明显降低了土壤有效硅含量。施氮对水稻各时期氮磷钾含量提高有促进作用,而施硅则影响不显著。说明氮硅配施具有相互平衡作用,中氮水平下(180kg/hm2)配施SiO230kg/hm2水稻营养较为均衡,产量最高。

In order to provide adequate theoretical basis for reasonably nitrogen and silicon combined application, a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen and silicon interaction on the nutrition and yield of rice. The results showed that, silicon application could significantly increase the solid grain number per panicle and lO00-grain weight; while nitrogen application could significantly increase the valid panicle number per plant, nitrogen and silicon combined application could increase the yield of flee. Added silicon fertilizer could significantly increase soil available silicon content, but added nitrogen fertilizer could significantly decrease soil available silicon content. Nitrogen application could increase nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of rice plant on each period, but silicon application had no significant effects. The results of the present study suggested that, the effects of nitrogen fertilizer in the presence of silicon fertilizer could be improved, the treatment （N 180 kg/hm^2 and SiO2 30 kg/hm^2） could obtain balanced nutrition and the highest yield of rice.