叶面喷施硼肥对食用葵籽实性状的效应

Boron Effects on Seed Traits of Sunflower by Spraying on Foliar

为了研究微量元素硼对食用葵籽实性状的影响,并进一步探索提高籽实产量及籽实综合性状的硼的最佳施用方法,以食用葵杂交组合LF0701为供试材料,设计了一个二因素（喷施总量、喷施时期及比例）硼肥喷施试验（不含对照共设9个处理）。结果表明：叶面喷施硼肥能有效提高籽实产量,提高幅度为0.6%~13.3%,平均提高7.3%;能有效提高籽实结实率,提高幅度为0.1%~8.1%,平均提高4.7%;叶面喷施硼肥对单盘粒数没有显著影响;叶面喷施硼肥施用不当会导致籽粒变窄、百粒重变轻。处理间比较表明,9个处理以W6效果最好,即：喷施总量（纯硼）为1000g/hm^2,喷施时期及比例为苗期25%＋蕾期50%＋花期25%。进一步分析表明,喷施时期及比例比喷施量对籽实性状的影响更大。

In order to study the effects of boron on seed traits of sunflower, and further explore the best method of application for improving seed production and seed traits, an experiment of spraying boron on foliar was designed. The results showed that, spraying boron on foliar could improve yield that range of 0.6%-13.3%, and average 7.3%, spraying boron on foliar could improve fertile percentage that was 0.1%-8.1%, and the meant was 4.7%. Spraying boron on foliar was not influential seeds per.disk, individual treatments led to seed became smaller and lighter. Treatments comparison showed W6 was the best that spraying total was 1000 g/hm^2, spraying period and proportion was seeding stage 25% ＋ bud stage 50% ＋ blossom stage 25%. Further analysis indicated that, spraying period and proportion was more important on seed traits of sunflower than spraying total.