明代史学转向与《史记》的文章学接受——以宋濂和归有光为中心

The Turn of Historiography in Ming Dynasty and Acceptance of Shi Ji on Articology——Centering on Song Lian and Gui Youguang

明代是中国史学史上叙事史学衰落的阶段,被视为中国史学的转向期之一。这样的时代学术背景导致了《史记》接受史上的重大变化,《史记》作为叙事史学典范的史学价值被大大削弱,继而在文章学领域得到了深入的发掘和继承。在这样的学术背景下,《史记》对明代文章写作的实际影响也发生了改变,最具代表性的是明初文臣宋濂和明中晚期散文家归有光同样在学习《史记》过程中产生的写法和风格上的重大区别。

Ming Dynasty witnessed the decline of narrative historiography and is regarded as one of the important turns of Chinese historiography. Such academic background led to important changes of the acceptance history of Shi Ji： the value of Shi Ji as model narrative historiography works was greatly weakened, while in the articology field, more and more in-depth exploration was conducted to enrich its value. Furthermore, Shi Ji exerted difference impacts on writing in different periods of Ming Dynasty, which is perfectly shown in works by Song Lian, official from early Ming Dynasty, and Gui Youguang, prose writer from middle and late Ming Dynasty. Both of them learnt writing from Shi Ji, but exhibited sharp differences in writing techniques and styles.