后现代主义思潮及对社会价值观的影响

The Post-modernist Trend of Thought and Its Impact on Social Values

后现代主义是产生并流行于西方世界的一种理论范式和社会思潮。其"解构"理论在强调解放思想、张扬个性和主体思考、重构人际关系方面,提供了积极的思维方式。但"解构"在后现代思想尤其是"消极的"后现代那里,表现为一种注重"破旧"解构、疏于"立新"建构的否定性思维方式,在"解构"及"价值祛魅"思维中,传统的真善美的意义深度、价值的普遍性和相对确定性也被消解了,而在一味强调多元性、个性自由、不确定性等社会及其价值的"碎片化"过程中,也易走向价值相对主义、极端个人主义甚至道德虚无主义。因此,对后现代理论范式及价值思潮的辩证把握和反思,对当代中国社会主义核心价值体系的建构以及文化价值导向,对坚守中国的"道路自信、理论自信和制度自信",对文化生态和共同价值观、公民思想道德素质与国家精神培育等,都具有重要意义。

Post-modernism, as a theoretic paradigm and a trend of thought, has originated from and is still in circulation in today＇s Western world. Its ＂deconstructive＂ approach offers a positive way of thinking with regard to emancipating the mind,boosting individuality,inspiring self-initia- ted thinking and reshaping interpersonal relationships. However,deconstruction in post-modern- ism, especially the more ＂passive＂ kind of post-modernism, shows itself as a rather negative mode of thought bent on decomposing what＇s old at the expense of establishing nothing new. Amid all that hustle of deconstruction and disenchantment, the deeper, time-honored virtues such as truth, goodness and beauty are lost and gone,as the universality and inherent certainty of value are dis- solved. With sole emphasis on multi-polarity, individual freedom and uncertainty in the process of ＂fragmentation＂, value-related relativism, extreme egoism and even moral nihilism run amok. Hence, there arises the need to reassess both the theoretical structure and actual content of post- modernism comprehensively and thoroughly. Doing this well will contribute a lot towards develo- ping the system of Chinese socialist core values, correct guidance of the country＇s cultural activi- ties, and boosting confidence in our political institution, the theory we have adopted and the road we have taken. Besides,it also helps to nurture shared ideals,ethical and cultural progress, and a spirit of national unity.