复杂结构井中钻柱托压效应的研究进展

Progress of Research on Drillstring Backing Pressure Effect in Complex Structure Well

钻柱托压效应是制约现代钻井作业向更深、更远目标快速钻进和延伸的技术瓶颈。目前主要采用减少钻柱接触压力、降低摩擦因数、振动方法释放摩阻和扭矩以及增强钻机系统工作能力等4种方法来缓解钻柱滑动钻井中的托压问题,其中主动机械激振方法是最具有发展前景的释放托压效应的措施。详细评述了国内在激振源、钻柱和井壁的相互作用规律、钻柱托压释放特征的参数评价模型、井下高能高效激振器以及激振运动对井下钻柱力学性能的交联影响作用等方面的研究进展。以此为基础,提出了激振源、钻柱和井壁的相互作用规律、钻柱托压释放特征的参数评价模型、井下高能高效激振器和激振运动对井下钻柱力学性能的交联影响是未来机械激振释放托压效应研究的重点。

The backing pressure effect of drillstring is the technological bottleneck which prevents modern drill- ing operation from achieving deeper and further fast drilling. Currently, four methods are often used to relieve back- ing pressure in drillstring sliding drilling, including reduction of drillstring contact pressure, decrease of friction factor, use of vibration to release friction and torque and improvement of operating capacity of drilling rig sys- tem. The active mechanical vibration method is the most promising measure to release backing pressure effect. The domestic research progress was reviewed in detail with regard to the excitation source, the law of interaction be- tween drillstring and well wall, the parametric assessment model of releasing feature of drillstring backing pressure, downhole high-energy and high-efficiency exciter and the inter-linking effect of excitation movement on the mechan- ical performance of downhole drillstring. Based on this, the future research priorities are pointed out.