海底钻机及其研究进展

Seafloor Drilling Rig and Its Research Progress

为节省钻井成本及避免海洋环境和恶劣天气对钻井作业的干扰,提出了海底钻机的概念。阐述了海底钻机的原理,介绍了国外2种海底钻机的结构、运作程序以及钻机关键设备的功能,对比分析了海底钻机与常规浮式钻井装备预期的经济效益。最后针对海底钻机国产化提出建议:国内应加强对海底钻机材料及自动化程度的跟踪研究;在石油工程相关领域的技术研发和装备制造过程中可以借鉴海底钻机模块化设计技术、加工制造技术、水下安装技术、智能作业技术以及远程控制技术等;国内可以从用于深水海底自动取样、浅钻设备入手,开始关键设备的研发试验。

To save drilling cost and prevent offshore environment and bad weather trom mnuenclng unumg opeiation, the concept of seafloor drilling rig was proposed. The principle pf the rig was expounded. The composition, operating procedure and economic benefits of two seafloor rigs abroad were introduced. The conclusion and sugges- tion are offered as follows. The domestic tracking research on seafloor rig material and degree of automation should be strengthened. The technologies of seafloor drilling rig, such as modular design technology, processing and man- ufacture technology, underwater installation technology, intelligent operating technology and remote control technol- ogy, can be referred to in the technological development and equipment manufacture related to the petroleum engi- neering field. The domestic research can start from the development of the equipment concerning deepwater seabed automatic sampling and shallow drilling, experimenting with key equipment.