前列腺癌的早期诊断

The Early Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer

目的 :评价前列腺癌早期诊断的方法及提高对一些基本诊断方法的认识。方法 :对 1991～ 1999年诊治的 70例早期前列腺癌所应用的基本诊断技术进行分析。结果 :70例患者中 ,6 4例 (91.4% )DRE(直肠指诊 )发现前列腺异常。 6 6例患者接受PSA(前列腺特异抗原 )检查 ,其中PSA >4ng/ml者 5 2例 (78.8% )。 6 6例患者接受TRUS(经直肠前列腺B超 )检查 ,其中 5 4例 (81.8% )发现异常。若将 2项检查结合 ,DRE +PSA可发现 70例 (10 0 % ) ,DRE+TRUS可发现 6 6例 (94.3% )。均显著高于单项检查发现率。结论 :2种或 2种以上的方法结合可以提高前列腺癌的诊断率。PSA <4ng/ml的 14例患者DRE检查 7例阳性 ,TRUS检查 12例发现异常。因而认为PSA

Objective:To evaluate the value of DRE(digital rectal examination), serum PSA(prostate specific antibody) and TRUS (transrectal ultrasound ) in the early diagnosis of prostate cancer. Method:Seventy cases of stage A and B prostate cancer were studied retrospectively. Results:Firm nodules on prostate were found by DRE in 64 patients. In 66 patients who recevied PSA examination, 52 cases(78.8%) showed PSA>4ng/ml. Hypoechoic areas were found by TRUS in 54 of 66 patients(81.8%). With the combination of DRE+PSA, the positive rate was 100%(70 cases), while with DRE+TRUS the positive rate was 94.3%(66 cases). Conclusion:This study indicates that the combination of two or three methods will increase the detection rate of prostate cancer. We also need to pay attention to the group of patients whose PSA<4ng/ml.