辽宁省新布尼亚病毒流行特点及生物特性分析

Epidemic characteristics and biological features of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus(SFTSV) found in Liaoning province

目的调查2009—2011年辽宁省8市发热伴血小板减少综合征新病原,探讨新布尼亚病毒在自然界中可能存在的动物宿主及传播媒介。方法采用ELISA方法检测2009—2011年辽宁省发热伴血小板减少患者血液中发热伴血小板减少综合征布尼亚病毒(SFTSV)IgM抗体,采用间接免疫荧光染色法检测鼠肺SFTSV抗原,利用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测鼠肺、蜱悬液、细胞阳性分离物的SFTSV核酸,采用VERO-E6细胞对患者血液及脾悬液标本进行病毒分离鉴定,并进行核苷酸测序分析。结果大连、丹东、抚顺、铁岭均检出SFTSV的IgM抗体阳性;103份中检出20份鼠肺SFTSV抗原阳性,但SFTSV核酸检测均阴性;20组中1组蜱悬液SFTSV核酸检测阳性并分离出SFTSV病毒;148份中有26份急性期血液样本经VERO-E6细胞分离出现细胞病变,经鉴定为SFTSV病毒,并对M片段进行核苷酸序列分析。结论新布尼亚病毒是辽宁省4市发热伴血小板减少综合征的新病原,未检出可能的自然界中的动物宿主鼠类携带SFTSV核酸,蜱可能是其传播媒介之一。

Objective By analysing the pathogen of SFTSV found in 8 cities of Liaoning province during 2009 - 2011 ,we try to find out the possible host animals and carriers of the virus. Methods IgM antibody of blood virus nucleic acid of severe fever with thrombocytopenia patients in Liaoning province during 2009 -2011 was tested by eNzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. Antigen of SFTSV in rat lung was tested by indirect immunofluorescence assay （IFA）. SFTSV nucleic acid testing of tick suspension,rat lungs, and positive isolation of cell was tested by reverse transcription（RT）-PCR. The virus was isolated by VERO-E6 and identified with DNA sequencing analysis. Results IgM antibody was detected in Dalian, Dandong, Fushun, and Tieling city. Twenty rat lungs were found with SFTSV antigen, but nucleic acid of SFTSV was not detected. SFTSV nucleic acid was found in one of 20 tick suspension samples and SFTSV was isolated. Twenty-six of 148 acute phase blood samples induced cytopathic changes in VERO-E6 cells. SFTSV was identified and M segment nucleotide was sequenced. Conclusion SFFSV is a new pathogen of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome fever in 4 cities of Liaoning province. SFTSV nucleic acid was not detected in possible ani- mal rodent host and ticks may be one of the carriers.