胃炎患者幽门螺杆菌感染因素及健康教育效果

Related factors and effect of health education on Helicobacter pylori infection in gastritis patients

目的研究胃炎患者合并幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染相关因素,评价健康教育对胃炎患者Hp相关知识掌握效果,为Hp感染的预防与控制提供参考依据。方法整群抽取2011年1—12月在浙江省杭州师范大学医学院附属余杭医院就诊的5 500例胃炎患者进行Hp感染因素问卷调查,并对其中2 650例Hp感染胃炎患者进行健康教育前后Hp相关知识进行调查,评价其健康教育效果。结果胃炎患者Hp感染率为48.2%,不同性别、年龄、地区胃炎患者Hp感染率不同,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素logistic回归分析结果表明,经常喝生水(OR=2.680,95%CI=1.434～5.008)和吸烟(OR=2.363,95%CI=1.416～3.945)是导致胃炎患者HP感染的危险因素;健康教育之后,Hp感染者对Hp相关问题的知晓率为94.3%,较健康教育前的(19.8%)有所提高(χ2=30 016.5,P=0.000)。结论经常喝生水和吸烟是胃炎患者Hp感染的不良生活习惯,对Hp感染者进行健康教育可提高患者对Hp的认知程度。

Objective To study related factors of and effect of health education on Helicobacter pylori（Hp） infection among gastritis patients for the prevention and control of Hp infection. Methods Totally 5 500 gastritis patients participated the survey and filled out a questionnaire about knowledge and behaviour related to Hp infection. More over, 2 650 Hp positive participants were administered a health education on Hp infection. The effect of the health education was evaluated. The data were analyzed with chi-square and logistic regression. Results Male, at the age between 30 to 60 years, and the patients from rural areas had a higher infection rate than female, younger than 30 years or older than 60 years, and the people from urban areas. Drinking unboiled water, eating salted food, and smoking increased the infection rate. Eating legume food and drinking green tea decreased the infection rate. The knowing rate of Hp was 94. 3 % after the health education and was significantly higher than 19. 8 % before the health education （X^2 = 30 016. 5, P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion Drinking unboiled water, eating salted food, and smoking are risk factors for Hp infection, while eating legume food and drinking green tea are protective factors. The health education is helpful to improve the cognitive level for Hp infection.