基于最小方差无畸变波束形成器的检测前跟踪

Tracking before Detection Based on Minimum Variance Distortionless Response Beamforming

针对常规纯方位目标运动分析的检测前跟踪算法中,估计功率方位图的常规波束形成器分辨率低、图像质量差,提出了基于最小方差无畸变波束形成器来估计功率方位图的检测前跟踪方法。该方法采用分辨率高、干扰抑制能力强的最小方差无畸变波束形成器(MVDR)形成功率方位图(PBM),由此对各种可行路径进行时间非相干积分,在低信噪比下完成运动目标的检测和运动参数估计。湖试采集数据分析结果表明:与基于常规波束形成的检测前跟踪方法相比,该方法形成的PBM图像分辨率和旁瓣抑制能力更高,可极大减小后续可选路径的计算量。

The tracking before detection（TBD） method is an effective way in bearing-only target motion analysis（BTMA） to detect weak moving target,which is applicable to the passive sonar system.The power bearing map（PBM） sequence in TBD method,which is generated by the outputs of the beamformer at different observed time,it is a key factor to improve detection performance.In this paper,the PBM was improved with the minimum variance distortionless response（MVDR） beamforming instead of conventional beamforming,and the PBM image was of high-resolution and insensitive to unmeasured array error.The TBD method based on MVDR beamforming could obtain less number of possible tracks and reduce the computational complexity for the final true track.The radiated noise data of a boat in a lake was used to validate some conclusions of the TBD method,and the analysis results showed that the TBD method could detect the moving target quickly effectively.