马铃薯连作对土壤理化性质及酶活性的影响

Effect of Potato Continuous Cropping on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Soil Enzyme Activity

为了揭示马铃薯连作障碍产生的机理,维护健康的农田生态系统环境,从而保障马铃薯的产量安全,采用盆栽试验研究马铃薯连作对土壤理化性质和酶活性的影响。结果表明:马铃薯连作土壤湿热灭菌添加马铃薯残茬后,有机质、全氮、全磷、速效钾、速效磷、碱解氮含量均有所提高,除有机质和速效磷含量差异不显著外,其余含量具有极显著差异,且土壤pH显著降低。连作土壤湿热灭菌后,土壤脲酶、磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶活性均极显著降低。连作土壤添加马铃薯残茬后,土壤脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性升高,由此说明马铃薯连作土壤中可能含有化感自毒物质。

In order to reveal the mechanism of the potato continuous cropping obstacle,maintain a healthy farm- land ecosystem environment, thus to ensure the safety of the potato crop, the influence of potato continuous cropping on soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activity were studied. The results showed that the content of organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available potassium, available P, alkali solution nitrogen were all increased, there were significant difference between them except for organic matter content and available P content,and the soil pH significantly reduced. After soil steam sterilization, the activity of soil urease, phosphatase and eatalase were extremely significantly reduced. Soil urease activity and catalase activity were increased when soil adding potatoes residues. Thus the soil of potato continuous cropping might contain allelo-chemicals.