不同结果部位对猕猴桃果实生长发育动态的影响

Influence of Different Setting Fruit Position on Dynamic of the Kiwi Fruit Growth and Development

为了制定科学的猕猴桃栽培技术和管理措施。研究了不同结果部位对猕猴桃果实的纵径、宽横径和窄横径的影响,观察果实生长发育动态。结果表明:(1)猕猴桃结果母蔓上不同部位芽结果蔓果实的纵、横径净增长量在年生长过程中有3～6次生长高峰期:纵径出现3次生长高峰,顶芽3次,次顶芽6次,第3芽3次;顶芽、次顶芽和第3芽宽横径都出现4次;窄横径出现3～5次,顶芽3次,次芽4次,第3芽出现5次;(2)猕猴桃不同部位结果母蔓的果实纵、横径净增长量在年生长过程中有3～6次生长高峰:纵径出现3～6次,树体上部3次,树体中部6次,树体下部6次;宽横径出现4～6次,树体上部4次,树体中部6次,树体下部6次;窄横径出现3～6次,树体上部3次,树体中部6次,树体下部5次;(3)结果母蔓上不同位置芽形成的结果蔓或树体上不同部位结果母蔓形成的结果蔓直接影响所结果实纵、横径的生长曲线起伏,并直接影响果实纵横径的生长高峰出现的次数、时间和平均日增长量。建议在猕猴桃生产上把不同结果部位作为疏花、疏果和判断猕猴桃果实成熟的重要依据之一。

In order to formulate scientific cultivation techniques and management measures of kiwi, the effects of different setting fruit position on the longitudinal diameter, broad and narrow lateral diameter of kiwi fruit were studied, the fruit growth dynamic was observed. The results showed that ： （1） the net growth of longitudinal diameter and lateral diameter of fruit in different position bud of the female tendril has 3 to 6 times growth peak in annual growth process..longitudinal diameter of fruit has 3 times,apical bud has 3 times, second bud has 6 times,third bud has 3 times;broad lateral diameter of apical bud,second bud and third bud all appears 4 times; narrow lateral diameter of apical bud has 3 times,second bud has 4 times,third bud has 5 times; （2）the net growth of longitudinal diameter and lateral diameter of fruit in different position female tendril has 3 to 6 times growth peak in annual growth process ; longitudinal diameter of fruit has 3 to 6 times, the upper of the tree has 3 times,middle has 6 times, the bottom has 6 times;broad lateral diameter of upper has 4 times, middle has 6 times,bottom has 6 times; narrow lateral diameter of upper has 3 times, middle has 6 times, bottom has 5 times; （3）the setting fruit tendril of the different position bud of the kiwi upper female tendril or the different position female tendril directly affected the change of growth curve, the frequency and times of growth peak, daily average growth of fruit longitudinal diameter and lateral diameter. It suggested that the different setting fruit position should be taken as one of important estimate basis of flower thinning,fruit thinning and kiwi fruit mature.