黑龙江省粮食生产比较优势的实证分析

Analysis on the Comparative Advantages of Grain Production in Heilongjiang Province

为进一步稳定和扩大黑龙江省粮食生产潜力,保障粮食生产安全,基于20世纪90年代以来黑龙江省粮食生产统计数据,运用比较优势指数和集中度指标,分析了黑龙江省主要粮食作物在全国的竞争力和对全国粮食生产的贡献份额。结果表明:黑龙江省粮食生产在全国具有较强的竞争力,特别是玉米和水稻在粮食生产结构调整中贡献份额逐渐攀升,而一直以来居全国之首的豆类生产受国内外市场的冲击,综合优势历年来有所下降,但仍居全国榜首,因而,积极调整粮食生产结构,稳定粮食生产是发挥黑龙江省粮食生产比较优势的关键。

In order to further stabilize and expand the grain production potential of Heilongjiang province, to protect the safety of grain production,in light of grain production statistics data of the 1990s in Heilongjiang province,the national competitiveness and the contribution share on the major crops in Heilongjiang province were analyzed using comparative advantage index and concentration degree. The results showed that grain production in Heilongjiang province had strong competitiveness on a national wide scale, especially the maize and rice, which contribution share in food production structure adjustment was rising gradually, and comprehensive advantages of beans production always occupied the first position in China had dropped over the years, but still oceupies the national first. Therefore, measures to actively adjust the structure of grain production, stabilize grain production in Heilongjiang province are the key to play the comparative advantages.