绝对收入、人格及相对收入对生活满意度的影响

Effect of absolute income, personality and relative income on life satisfaction

目的探讨绝对收入、大五人格与生活满意度的关系，以及相对收入在它们之间的中介作用。方法采用McCrae和Costa编制的简易人格问卷（NEO-FFI）和生活满意度量表对5927名来自不同城市的市民进行施测。结果（1）被试总体的生活满意度得分为（19．61±5．99）分，女性得分高于男性，差异有统计学意义[（19．98±5．92）分，（19．14±5．95）分，t=-5．08，P〈0．01]；（2）绝对收入、外向性和责任心可以正向预测生活满意度（p=0．13-0．19，P〈0．01），神经质、开放性和宜人性可以负向预测生活满意度（β=-0．04～-0．15，P〈0．01）；（3）相对收入可以正向预测生活满意度（β=0．35，P〈0．01）；（4）分层多元回归结果表明：相对收入在绝对收入、神经质、外向性、宜人性和责任心与生活满意度的关系中具有中介作用（P〈0．01）。结论相对收入对绝对收入、人格与生活满意度之间的关系具有中介作用。

Objective To explore the relationship among absolute income, big five personality and life satisfaction,and the mediating effect of relative income. Methods 5927 citizens from different cities were as- sessed by NEO five-factor inventory （ NEO-FFI ） and satisfaction with life scale （SWLS）. Results （ 1 ） The mean score of life satisfaction was 19.61 ± 5.99. Female scored higher than male,and there were statistically significant differences between them（ 19.98 ±5.92 vs 19.14 ±5.95, t= -5.08, P〈0.01 ）. （2）The absolute income,extra- version and conscientiousness had a significant main effect on life satisfaction（ β = 0.13 ±0.19, P 〈 0.01 ）, neu- roticism,openness and agreeableness had a significant main negative effect on life satisfaction （ β = - 0. 04- -0.15, P〈O. 01 ）. （3）The relative income had a significant main effect on life satisfaction （β = 0.35, P 〈 O. O1 ）. （4）Relative income had a mediating effect on the relation between absolute income, neuroticism, extraver- sion, agreeableness, conscientiousness and life satisfaction（ P 〈 O. O1 ）. Conclusion Relative income has a media- ting effect on the relation between absolute income, personality and life satisfaction.