重庆市高等级公路交通事故回顾性调查

Retrospective investigation on freeway traffic accident in Chongqing City

目的 旨在通过对重庆市高等级公路交通事故的回故性调查 ,分析重庆市高等级公路交通事故的发生特点及规律。方法 调查重庆市 2 10高等级公路交通管理大队自 1995年至 1997年间一般事故以上的道路交通事故。结果 其间共发生道路交通事故 843起 ,人员伤亡事故 2 0 9起 ,事故数逐年增加 ;其中重大事故 49起、一般事故 794起 ,共造成 314人伤亡 ,其中死亡 47人 (占 15 .0 % )、重伤 14 9人 (占 47.4% )和轻伤 118人 (占 37.6 % ) ;在人员重伤和死亡中大多数为行人。事故高发于星期一和星期三、7月和 9月 ;在 1d中 ,10∶0 0～ 12∶0 0和 6∶0 0～ 8∶0 0为事故高发时段 ;前 5位事故原因为措施不当 (2 0 .9% )、纵向间距不够(19.8% )、违章穿行车行道 (10 .5 %、超速行驶 (5 .9% )和违章变更车道 (5 .9% )。结论 加强高等级公路的封闭式管理、增强全民遵守交通法规意识、加强对道路使用者的交通安全教育 ,将是有效降低高速公路交通事故的方法。

Objective To explore the characteristics and rules of freeway traffic accidents in Chongqing City through retrospective investigation. Methods Eight hundred and forty three road traffic accidents (RTA) managed by No. 210 freeway traffic management team from 1995 to 1997 were investigated and analyzed in this study. Results Among all these 843 accidents, serious RTA were 49, mild 794 and those with people wounded and dead were 209 which increased gradually in these years. People dead or wounded in all these accidents were 314 including 47 dead (15.0%), 149 severe wounded (47.4%) and 118 slightly wounded (37.6%) and most of them were pedestrains. The accidents mainly took place from 10∶00～12∶00 and 6∶00～8∶00 in a day, on Monday and Wednesday in a week and in July and September in a year. The main reasons of RTA were improper driving (20.9%), inadequate following distance (19.8%), violate traversing driveway (10.5%), overspeed (5.9%) and violate changing driveway (5.9%). Conclusion It would be effective to decrease the freeway RTA trauma by strengthening close management of the freeways, enhancing civilian's concept of traffic rules, empha sizing the education on traffic safety.