微絮凝深床层过滤去除无机营养物及典型金属离子

Removal of inorganic nutrients and typical metal ions by micro-flocculation deep bed filtration

在分析了微絮凝深床层过滤机理的基础上,实验研究了以煤矸石燃后残渣为滤料的深床层对微污染矿井水中无机营养物及典型金属离子的去除效果。结果表明,对于微污染矿井水中的NH3-N及COD的去除率仅有20%～40%;对可形成微絮凝体的磷的去除率高达80%以上,对于矿井水中的铁、锰离子的去除率可达75%以上,而絮凝剂的适量加入,不会大幅增加出水中铝离子的含量;分析表明,煤矸石燃后残渣滤料具有良好的吸附、截留作用;对溶解性NH3-N及COD的去除以吸附及生物作用,对铁、锰离子的去除则是以形成絮体沉淀为主,同时金属离子的水合作用、溶度积等对其去除有一定的影响。

The removal rates of the inorganic nutrients and typical metal ions in the deep bed filtration were experimentally investigated based on analyzing the mechanism of micro flocculation deep bed filtration. The re-sults showed that the removal rate of NH3-N and COD for micro polluted mine water was only 20% - 40% ,while the higher removal rate of the phosphorus of formation micro flocs was more than 80%. The removal rate such as the iron, manganese ion could reach more than 75% because of the micro flocculation forming in mine water. Moreover, the concentration of aluminum ion didn＇ t increase in the effluent water for the flocculants （aluminum salt） added properly. The analysis indicated that the coal gangue combustion residue as filter had a good adsorp-tion and retention. The removal of dissolved NHa-N and COD was depended on the adsorption and bio-action, while the removal of iron and manganese ion was mainly depended on the floceulation. At the same time, the hy-dration of the metal ion, the solubility product and so on had certain effects on its removal.