桦树皮工艺品制作技艺田野调查——以阿里河镇和敖鲁古雅乡为例

Field Investigation of Birchen Skin Handicraft Manufacture Technique ——A case study of Alihe Town and Aoluguya Township

生活在内蒙古大兴安岭林区的鄂伦春族、鄂温克族、达斡尔族,简称三少民族。他们长期以狩猎、畜牧为生,由于自然环境和地理因素的影响,孕育和创造了具有鲜明山林特色的桦树皮文化。桦树皮制品的使用范围,从日常生活用品到狩猎生产用品,无处不在。如今,随着三少民族的生产生活方式的改变,桦树皮制品不仅没有消失,而且演变发展为桦树皮工艺品。笔者于2012年8月,就桦树皮工艺品的制作方法等问题赴内蒙古牙克石市的阿里河镇(鄂伦春族自治旗)进行田野调查,深入了解桦树皮工艺品的制作技艺,并近距离感受了古老淳朴的桦树皮文化。

Living in Greater Khingan forest area of Inner Mongolia, Ewenki, Daur and Oroqen have been referred to as the three minorities. They have been taking hunting, animal husbandry for a living, due to the influence of natural environment and geographical factors, conceived and created the birch bark culture with a distinct characteristic of the forest. The birchen skin products from daily necessities to hunting and production supplies are everywhere. Now, with the production and lifestyle changes of the three minorities, birchenskin products have not disappeared, but developed toward birchen skin handicraft. In August 2012, the author made the field survey on the issue of birchen skin handicraft production method in Inner Mongolia Yakeshi City （ALI Oroqen Autonomous Banner ） , got in - depth understanding of technology of birchen skin handicraft, and closely learned about the ancient and simple honorable birch bark culture.