从“刚性支配”到“技术治理”——社会学视野下的30年春运

From "Rigid Control" to "Technical Governance": A Sociological Study of the Spring Rush in the Past Three Decades

春运是时代的缩影,春运变迁的背后是整个中国社会的转型与发展。以春运的变迁来探讨相关治理模式的变迁,旨在以一种社会学的视野透过春运来观察中国社会治理的发展逻辑。通过对中国30年春运进行回顾,将春运的治理模式分为刚性支配、市场逻辑和技术治理三个阶段并进行了详细分析;随后梳理了春运治理模式转变的基本路径,着重分析了技术治理产生的内在动力、实质、特点,并根据当前的实际情况探讨了技术治理的效果以及问题,最后提出技术治理不是解决问题的灵丹妙药,需要重新审视当前的社会治理模式。

Spring Rush, the epitome of our times, changes with the transformation and development of Chinese socie- ty. This thesis discusses the changes in the governance models concerning the Spring Rush, aiming at exploring the route of social governance development in China from a sociological perspective. The authors firstly review the Spring Rush in the past three decades and classify its governance models into three categories： rigid policy orienta- tion, market orientation and technical governance and then makes a detailed analysis of the route such changes have gone through, with emphasis on the internal incentive, the nature and characteristics of technical governance. Then we discuss the effects and problems of technical governance in line with the current situation. At the end of this the- sis, the authors propose that technical governance is not a panacea, and that we need to re-evaluate the current so- cial governance model.